Act 4 - Nature

Act 4 - Scene 1 - Witches making potion

Lots of references to natural ingredients added into the potion.

The witch use natural ingredients (such as bats..) to make the suppernatural possible (witchcraftt).

Act 4 -Scene 2 - p.67 line 9-11

Lady MacDuff

"...

Lady Macduff. He wants the natural touch: for the poor wren,

The most diminutive of birds, will fight,

Her young ones in her nest, against the owl.

..."

Metaphor of MacDuff abandonning his defensless family against a Tyrant (MacBeth)

Act 4 - Scene 2 - p.68 line 30 - 35

Lady MacDuff and her son speaking about what they will do without MacDuff. They make references to birds once again.

Act 4- Scene 2- p.70. line 82

Murderer ''What you egg''

The murderer is reffering to the son of Lady Macbeth as a newborn.

Act 4 - Scene 3 - p.73 top of page

Malcolm

"...

That, when they shall be opened, black Macbeth

Will seem as pure as snow, and the poor state 

Esteem him as a lamb, being compared

With my confineless harms."

When Malcom is tricking MacDuff, he says that MacBeth, as bad as he is, looks like a Saint compared to him.